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Table 1 Profile of the study variables concerning physician's explanatory behaviours (n = 366)

From: Physicians' explanatory behaviours and legal liability in decided medical malpractice litigation cases in Japan

Items

Number of cases (%)

Purpose of the explanation

Explanation to obtain the patient's consent

213 (67.0)

 

Other a

105 (33.0)

Issue of the physician's explanation

No explanation

61 (19.2)

 

Incorrect or insufficient explanation

257 (80.8)

Timing of the physician 's explanation

Before treatment or surgery

203 (79.0)

 

After treatment or surgery

54 (21.0)

Who received the physician's explanation

Patient only

99 (38.4)

 

Patient and family

93 (36.0)

 

Family only

66 (25.6)

Manner of the physician 's explanation to the patient

Oral only

144 (75.8)

 

Oral and other methods

46 (24.2)

Manner of the physician 's explanation to family

Oral only

129 (81.6)

 

Oral and other methods

29 (18.4)

Level of the physician's explanation to the patient

Relevant and specific

60 (33.0)

 

Not sufficiently relevant or specific

122 (67.0)

Level of physician's explanation to family

Relevant and specific

49 (36.3)

 

Not sufficiently relevant or specific

86 (63.7)

Location of physician's explanation

Inpatient ward

173 (54.4)

 

Outpatient clinic

145 (45.6)

Content of the physician's explanation

Related to surgery

132 (36.1)

 

Other b

234 (63.9)

Number of times that the physician explained

Once

109 (43.1)

 

Twice or more

144 (56.9)

Consent by the patient

With the patient's consent

151 (90.4)

 

Without the patient's consent

16 (9.6)

Consent by family

With family consent

113 (91.9)

 

Without family consent

10 (8.1)

Written consent by the patient

Presence

45 (52.3)

 

Absence

41 (47.7)

Written consent by family

Presence

37 (53.6)

 

Absence

32 (46.4)

Day of the physician's explanation

Same day as treatment

41 (21.1)

 

Not the same day

153 (78.9)