Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics and communication attributes of health professionals stratified by paternalism, Mexico, 2018
Variables | Overall n = 761 | High paternalism /overprotection n = 364 (47.8%) | Moderate paternalism n = 159 (20.9%) | Low paternalism/autonomy n = 223 (29.3%) | p valueb | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%)a | n | %a | n | %a | n | %a | ||
Age | ||||||||
43–76 years | 229 (30.1) | 117 | 32.1 | 38 | 23.9 | 68 | 30.5 | |
30–42 years | 234 (30.8) | 103 | 28.3 | 53 | 33.3 | 75 | 33.6 | |
19–29 years | 280 (36.8) | 134 | 36.8 | 65 | 40.9 | 77 | 34.5 | 0.27 |
Gender | ||||||||
Male | 310 (40.7) | 168 | 46.2 | 64 | 40.3 | 74 | 33.2 | |
Female | 440 (57.8) | 192 | 52.8 | 91 | 57.2 | 147 | 65.9 | 0.007 |
Specialty | ||||||||
No | 328 (43.1) | 191 | 52.5 | 56 | 35.2 | 76 | 34.1 | |
Yes | 425 (55.9) | 172 | 47.3 | 97 | 61.0 | 146 | 65.5 | < 0.001 |
Family member with IDD or ASD | ||||||||
Yes | 132 (17.4) | 65 | 17.9 | 27 | 17.0 | 40 | 17.9 | |
No | 630 (81.1) | 296 | 81.3 | 129 | 81.1 | 179 | 80.3 | 0.97 |
Communication pattern | ||||||||
Withholding | 315 (41.4) | 233 | 64.0 | 49 | 30.8 | 31 | 13.9 | |
Partial communication | 191 (25.1) | 74 | 20.3 | 59 | 37.1 | 58 | 26.0 | |
Open communication | 230 (30.2) | 52 | 14.3 | 48 | 30.2 | 129 | 57.9 | < 0.001 |
Value assigned to truth (Truthful communication from the professional to the patient) | ||||||||
Low | 383 (50.3) | 205 | 56.3 | 81 | 50.9 | 91 | 40.8 | |
Moderate | 198 (26.0) | 90 | 24.7 | 43 | 27.0 | 62 | 27.8 | |
High | 163 (21.4) | 65 | 17.9 | 32 | 20.1 | 66 | 29.6 | 0.003 |
Attitude towards death | ||||||||
Low acceptance | 321 (42.2) | 157 | 43.1 | 65 | 40.9 | 95 | 42.6 | |
Moderate acceptance | 237 (31.1) | 120 | 33.0 | 46 | 28.9 | 69 | 30.9 | |
High acceptance | 177 (23.3) | 78 | 21.4 | 45 | 28.3 | 51 | 22.9 | 0.56 |
Bioethics courses | ||||||||
None | 235 (31.4) | 114 | 31.3 | 45 | 28.3 | 70 | 31.4 | |
≥ 1 | 514 (68.6) | 246 | 67.6 | 110 | 69.2 | 150 | 67.3 | 0.81 |
Religion | ||||||||
Believer | 519 (68.2) | 271 | 74.5 | 103 | 64.8 | 137 | 61.4 | |
Nonbeliever | 237 (31.1) | 93 | 25.6 | 55 | 34.6 | 86 | 38.6 | 0.003 |
Knowledge about IDD | ||||||||
Low | 317 (41.7) | 147 | 40.4 | 67 | 42.1 | 100 | 44.8 | |
Intermediate | 288 (37.8) | 140 | 38.5 | 61 | 38.4 | 83 | 37.2 | |
Positive attitude and high knowledge | 118 (15.5) | 62 | 17.0 | 22 | 13.8 | 32 | 14.4 | 0.79 |
Knowledge about ASD | ||||||||
Low | 191 (25.1) | 86 | 23.6 | 40 | 25.2 | 62 | 27.8 | |
Intermediate | 303 (39.8) | 161 | 44.2 | 65 | 40.9 | 75 | 33.6 | |
Positive attitude and high knowledge | 224 (29.4) | 98 | 26.9 | 45 | 28.3 | 77 | 34.5 | 0.11 |
Knowledge about ADHD | ||||||||
Low | 296 (38.9) | 162 | 44.5 | 54 | 34.0 | 77 | 34.5 | |
Intermediate | 247 (32.5) | 100 | 27.5 | 56 | 35.2 | 87 | 39.0 | |
Positive attitude and high knowledge | 173 (22.7) | 87 | 23.9 | 40 | 25.2 | 44 | 19.7 | 0.01 |