Table 3 Items in the GTQ and their corresponding contrast items
GTQ | CTQ |
|---|---|
Genetic testing to determine the risk of Down’s syndrome for an embryo in utero is… | Ultrasound scans to determine the risk of Down’s syndrome for an embryo in utero are… |
Prescribing genetic tests for healthy women in order to identify markers for breast cancer is … | Prescribing x-ray tests for healthy women in order to identify early stages of breast cancer is … |
Using genetic tests to determine if one carries markers for hereditary diseases before deciding to conceive a child is … | Investigating one’s family history for signs of hereditary diseases before deciding to conceive a child is … |
Performing genetic tests on consenting adult humans for medical research is … | Performing clinical tests on consenting adult humans for medical research is … |
Conducting harmless genetic tests on animals for scientific research is… | Conducting harmless behavioural tests on animals for scientific research is… |
Optimising the breeding of farm animals through genetic testing is… | Optimising the breeding of farm animals through clinical testing is… |
Performing invasive genetic tests on wild plants to monitor and conserve ecosystems is… | Performing invasive biochemical tests on wild plants to monitor and conserve ecosystems is… |
Genetic testing of crops to improve them for farming is… | Selective breeding of crops to improve them for farming is … |
Consider a patient with a hereditary disease who has a sibling with similar genes. For the doctor, informing the sibling of the patient’s disease despite privacy concerns is… | Consider a patient who develops a disease from malnutrition and has a partner with similar eating habits. For the doctor, informing the partner of the patient’s disease despite privacy concerns is… |
Supporting genetic testing despite privacy concerns is… | Supporting data retention in telecommunication despite privacy concerns is… |
For insurers, requesting genetic tests from healthy adults in order to assess their health risks is … | For insurers, requesting medical screenings from healthy adults in order to assess their health risks is … |
Using public health funds on expensive gene therapies is … | Using public health funds on expensive chemotherapies is … |
Taking into account the genetic profile of applicants with respect to genetic diseases when hiring a kindergarten teacher is… | Taking into account the medical history of applicants when hiring a kindergarten teacher is… |
Mitigating a criminal sentence due to the offender’s genetic predisposition is … | Mitigating a criminal sentence due to the offender's problematic childhood is … |
Using genome editing on consenting adults to enhance their cognitive performance is … | Using neurochemical substances on consenting adults to enhance their cognitive performance is … |
Changing the genomes of human embryos for medical research without destroying them is… | Changing the cell membranes of human embryos for medical research without destroying them is… |
Changing the genomes of human embryos to ensure they will not develop a fatal disease is … | Using pre-implantation diagnostics on human embryos to ensure they will not develop a fatal disease is … |
Genome editing of human adults to protect them against influenza is … | Vaccinating human adults to protect them against influenza is … |
Changing the genome of human embryos to ensure they will not get influenza is … | Using vaccination on human embryos to ensure they will not get influenza is … |
Using risky genome editing therapies for the medical treatment of cancer patients is … | Using risky chemotherapies for the medical treatment of cancer patients is … |
Testing for the risk of genome editing on consenting adults is … | Testing for the risk of new chemotherapies on consenting adults is … |
Using genome editing to enhance the cognitive development of human embryos in underprivileged families is … | Using medical drugs to enhance the cognitive development of human embryos in underprivileged families is … |
Changing the genome of farm animals in order to improve their wellbeing is … | Changing the hormones of farm animals in order to improve their wellbeing is … |
Editing the genome of farm animals to reduce costs without harming them is … | Changing the hormone balance of farm animals to reduce costs without harming them is … |
Editing the genome of crops in order to fight world poverty is … | Using fertilisers and pesticides on crops in order to fight world poverty is … |
Editing the genome of foods to improve their taste is … | Adding artificial flavors to foods to improve their taste is … |
Editing the genome of animals to make it possible for animal organs to be transplanted to humans is … | Selectively breeding animals in order to make it possible for animal organs to be transplanted to humans is … |
Editing the genome of crops to improve their nutritional value is… | Cross-breeding crops to improve their nutritional value is… |
Editing the genome of wild animals to make them immune against certain diseases is … | Vaccinating wild animals to make them immune against certain diseases is … |
Editing the genome of plants to improve crops for farming is… | Selectively breeding plants to improve crops for farming is… |