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Table 1 Participant characteristics, fields of practice, link to Injection HR and acceptable injection HR procedures

From: A qualitative study of professionals’ perspectives on the ethics of medically-delivered safer injection education for people who inject drugs

Interview

Initial training

Place

Field of practice

Link to the research question

I1

GP

hospital

General addiction medicine including PWID

No direct link to injection HR. Support delegated to HR structures.

Possible means: general advice.

Main argument: does not feel competent enough in this matter, the structure is not adapted to injection HR and the demands of the

patients are for maintaining abstinence and not for HR.

I2

psychiatry

hospital

Complex follow-ups, expert consultations

Link: important link to injection HR (career, research). Practical measures of injection HR impossible in a health structure. Support delegated to HR structures. Argument: “how far could it go”

I3

other specialty

HR structure

General addiction medicine including PWID

Link: works in an HR structure. Injection HR seen as essential. Possible means: through discussion, explanations, veinous access research, explanations concerning the paraphernalia. No real-time injection supervision. Highlights the lack of time in a medical schedule precluding the possibility of injection HR.

I4

psychiatry

hospital

General addiction medicine including PWID

Link: worked in HR in carceral setting. Injection HR only possible if in connection with a therapeutic objective for another substance; no possibility of a medical follow-up exclusively for injection HR. Possible means: general advice and information, practical advice on the use of the paraphernalia.

I5

GP

HR structure

General addiction medicine including PWID

Link: important link to injection HR (career, research). Injection HR seen as essential. Possible means: general advice and information, practical advice on the use of the paraphernalia, use of an arm model in group setting, information on the preparation of the substance.

I6

other specialty

hospital

General addiction medicine including PWID, expert consultations

Link: associative work, link with HR in the context of expert consultations.

Finds injection HR essential. Possible means: general advice and information, practical advice on the use of the paraphernalia. Argument: the opposite is hypocritical; one cannot be an addictologist without being an HR specialist.

I7

GP

private practice

General addiction medicine including PWID

Link: practices injection HR.

Possible means: real-time injection supervision. Argument: personal story of meeting a user, utility, relationship.

I8

GP

hospital

General addiction medicine including PWID

Link: important link with injection HR (career).

Possible means: general advice, information about safe injection tutorials, screening tutorials.

Argument: respect for the person, utility, relationship.

I9

psychiatry

hospital

Complex consultations, expert consultations

Link: direct link to injection HR (research).

Support delegated to HR structures. Argument: organizational constraints (doctors should engage in purely medical activities).

I10

psychiatry

hospital

Complex consultations, expert consultations

No direct link to injection HR.

Injection HR delegated to HR structures. Argument: others do it as well and engage fewer resources. No fundamental moral tension with injection HR.

I11

psychiatry

hospital

Complex consultations, expert consultations

No direct link to injection HR.

Possible means: general advice, information about safe injection tutorials.

  1. GP – general practitioner, PWID – people who inject drugs, HR – Harm reduction