Table 2 Suggestions for governance leaders related to AI for global health research

Remain up to date on recent advances in the regulation of AI for health

Regulation of AI for health advances rapidly and takes on different forms in jurisdictions around the world. Governance leaders should commit to efforts to remain up to date about the relevant approaches to regulating AI for health care and public health in the jurisdictions internationally

Focus on ethical governance of health data

Health data are the foundation of AI development. Emphasis on ethical governance of health data generation, sharing, and use will help to build an ethical foundation for AI development

Incorporate AI impact assessments

An AI impact assessment is the process of evaluating the potential effects, both positive and negative, of implementing an AI algorithm on individuals, society, and various stakeholders, generally over time frames specified in advance of implementation. Governance leaders can use AI impact assessments to boost understanding of potential harms

Incorporate environmental impact assessments

An environmental impact assessment involves evaluating and predicting the potential environmental effects of a proposed project to inform ethical decision-making that supports sustainability. Governance leaders can use environmental impact assessments to boost understanding of potential environmental harms

Promote transparency in AI development

Governance leaders can request information to promote transparency in the AI development process. Transparency is crucial in developing AI algorithms for health care to ensure ethical and accountable decision-making

Encourage community engagement across phases of AI development

Governance leaders can encourage or require community engagement at various points throughout an AI project. Engaging patients and communities is important in AI algorithm development as it ensures that the technology aligns with community needs and values

Encourage fair partnership between researchers and organizations in different jurisdictions involved

Governance leaders can encourage researchers to build AI development for global health on a foundation of fair partnerships between institutions and individuals across countries, with the aims of enabling equitable benefit through access to advanced medical technologies, knowledge sharing, and sharing of financial benefits

Explore new forms of regulatory experimentation for AI

New approaches to regulating AI technologies for health can be explored in experimental spaces that allow for a deeper understanding of their benefits and drawbacks

Evolve the structure and capabilities of governance functions

The capabilities of governance functions and individual governance leaders need to evolve to better incorporate expertise related to AI in ways that make sense within a given jurisdiction